Critical Vector · Quick Reference

Clinical Mnemonics

Ten high-yield mnemonics, bedside and exam use. July 2026.

1.I GET SMASHED

Causes of pancreatitis

Idiopathic  ·  Gallstones  ·  Ethanol  ·  Trauma  ·  Steroids  ·  Mumps  ·  Autoimmune  ·  Scorpion sting  ·  Hypercalcaemia  ·  ERCP  ·  Drugs

2.PINCH ME

Reversible contributors to delirium

Pain  ·  Infection  ·  Nutrition  ·  Constipation  ·  Hydration  ·  Medication  ·  Environment

3.SOCRATES

Structured pain history

Site  ·  Onset  ·  Character  ·  Radiation  ·  Associated symptoms  ·  Timing  ·  Exacerbating/relieving factors  ·  Severity

4.CHIMPANZEES

Causes of hypercalcaemia

Calcium supplementation  ·  Hyperparathyroidism  ·  Iatrogenic  ·  Myeloma  ·  Paget's disease  ·  Addison's disease  ·  Neoplasm  ·  Zollinger-Ellison syndrome  ·  Excess vitamin D  ·  Excess vitamin A  ·  Sarcoidosis

5.TUNA FISH

Red flags in back pain

Trauma  ·  Unexplained weight loss  ·  Neuro symptoms  ·  Age over 50  ·  Fever  ·  IVDU  ·  Steroids  ·  History of cancer

6.SPIKES

Framework for breaking bad news

Setting  ·  Perception  ·  Invitation  ·  Knowledge  ·  Empathy  ·  Summary/strategy

7.LEMON

Predicting a difficult airway

Look externally  ·  Evaluate 3-3-2 rule  ·  Mallampati score  ·  Obstruction/obesity  ·  Neck mobility

8.AEIOU TIPS

Causes of altered consciousness

Alcohol  ·  Epilepsy  ·  Insulin  ·  Opiates/overdose  ·  Uraemia  ·  Trauma  ·  Infection  ·  Poisoning  ·  Stroke

9.MUDPILES

Causes of a high anion gap metabolic acidosis

Methanol  ·  Uraemia  ·  DKA  ·  Paraldehyde  ·  Iron/isoniazid  ·  Lactate  ·  Ethylene glycol  ·  Salicylates

10.DR ABCDE

Systematic approach to reading a chest X-ray

Details (name, date, projection, penetration)  ·  RIPE (rotation, inspiration, projection, exposure)  ·  Airway  ·  Breathing (lung fields)  ·  Circulation (heart, mediastinum)  ·  Diaphragm  ·  Everything else (bones, soft tissue, lines, tubes)